Oil burner



G. T. SMALLWOOD OIL BURNER Filed April 21. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VENTOR.

ATORNEY.

G. T. SMALLWOQD OIL BURNER Filed April 21. 1923 s Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR. Geolyeflflwaodi BY f f TORNEY.

' tea GEORGE T. SMALLWOOD, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed April 21, 1928. Serial No. 633,667.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE T. SMALL- woon, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of whichthe following is a specification.

The present invention relates to oil burners, the object being toprovide a structure that will secure complete combustion, producing ahot flame, and thereby eliminating carbon deposits. i

A further and important object is to provide a structure of this kindthat is practical, and the various parts of which are readily accessibleand are protected from de- SlJIICtlOD by the high temperatures generateThe embodiment herein disclosed is particularly intended foruse inconnection with the system disclosed in my co-pending application,Serial No. 613,930, filed January 22, 1923, but is not necessarilyrestricted to such employment.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewthrougha preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View through a slightly modified formof construction.

Referring first to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, a burnercasing or housing is employed, comprising an inner wall 4, an outer wall5, a bottom 6, and a top 7, forming a confined chamber 8 for structuralconvenience. The inner and outer members 4 and 5 may be separateelements, with the top 7 integral with the outer wall 5, and having itsinner margin interfitted with the top edge of the inner wall 4, forminga closed joint 9. The bottom 6 may be a ring externally and internallythreaded, and having the lower portions of the walls 4 and 5 screwedthereto, as shown. The inner wall 4. has a lower enlargement, producinga burner chamber 10 with a contracted upper neck, forming a burneroutlet throat or opening 11. I

Extending vertically and centrally within the chamber 10, is a fueldelivery tube 12, having an upper open discharge end 13 and having aT-coupling 14 at its lower end. A

supply pipe 15, leading from any suitable source, is engaged in one endof the T-coupling, while the other end has a clean-out plug 16.Surrounding the pipe 12, is another fuel delivery pipe, which may bemade up of threaded interfitting sections 17. A

supply pipe 18 is coupled to the lowerend of the tu e 17, and this pipemay have a clean-out opening closed by .a plug 19.

Suitably mounted on the outer tube or pipe 17 is a flash plate,preferably in the form of a casing, having a bottom member 20 providedwith a depending collar 21 threaded on to one of the sections 17 Saidbottom 20 has an outstanding flange or wall 22 terminating in a rib 23,and fitted between said rib and the member 17 is a top plate 24, theupper face of which constitutes a flash surface. This plate may have anannular channel 25 around the section 17, and said plate preferablyslopes downwardly toward the rib 23. Outlet ports from the bore of theouter tube 17 are shown at 26, said ports delivering into the channel25. The pipe 12 extends a considerable distance above the flash plate,and the uppermost section 17, extending above said flash plate,

is in the form of a head 27 that terminates extending across saidchamber are openended air tubes 31 that project above the plate 24:, andpermit the free discharge of air over said plate, as will be evident.

The chamber 8 of the burner casing is adapted to hold a cooling medium,such as water, indicated at 32, which water is supplied from a suitablesource through a pipe 33 opening into the the bottom of the chamber 8,and preferably having a check valve 34 that prevents the outward flow ofsuch water. The level of the water is maintained below the top wall 7,and steam-conducting pipes 35, opening into the upper end of the chamber8, extend downwardly into said chamber and are in communication with thechamber 30 of the flash plate. interposed plate.

and having passages or ports 37 that allow any steam generated to flowupwardly past said plate 36 into the pipes 35. The top flash plate 24 isfurthermore provided with a series of upwardly extending nipples orports 38, afiording outlets from the chamber 30.

The operation of this apparatus is. substantially as follows. Instarting the burner a light hydrocarbon oil is admitted through the pipe18, and will fihd its way through the-outlet ports 26 on to the flashpan or lt, here, spreads as a film over the upper surface of the plate24: and is ignited, thereby effecting a preliminary heating the burner,the head 27 and the tube 12. When satisfactorily heated crude oil'isadmitted through the pipe 15, and said oil rising into the ipe 12 isinitially heated therein and wil overflow through the outlet end 13. litwill pass down over the steps 27 and flash points 28, where it will beignited, a part thereof spreading as a film over the plate 24:, and beinburned. The light oil may be then cut 0 and the heavy hydrocarbon oilused as the sole fuel or a mixture of the two may be continued asdesired. Any excess of oil, either through an over-supply when beingburned, orthrough carelessness after the flame has been extinguished,will pass through. the overflow 29 and thus avoid danger from fire beintransmitted from the burner.

In this operation, it will be evident that the water 32 will be heatedand steam generated. This steam will find its way through the pipes 35into the chamber 30 of the flash plate and will be discharged throughthe nip les 38. As a consequence the steam wit the air passing throughthe tubes 31 will insure compete combustion of the fuel and eliminatecarbon deposits. The water and steam, however, has an additionaladvantage, in that the water will prevent the destruction of the burnercasing, and the steam generated and delivered into the chamber 30 willalso absorb excess heat and prevent the flash plate from being destroyedby the high temperatures. The boiling water is prevented from enteringthe steam pipes 35 by reason of the bafie plate 36, which will obviouslytend to keep down the ebullition below said plate, leaving in ed'ect asteam dome above the same. While the oil pipe 12 is shown as terminatingin the enlarged portion of the internal burner chamber, it will beobvious that it may be extended to difierent heights, as desired. Thegreater height the more heating efiect that is initially given to theoil and the longer the vertical distance it will flow downwardly, inexposure to the flames and in being burned.

In the emboent disclosed in Figure 3, the means for supplying two gradesor charnames? actors of oil is dispensed with. The inner tube,designated 12*, in this embodiment is an air tube, having a lower funnelinlet it, and an open upper air outlet 13". An oil tube 17 surrounds thetube 12, and is supplied through a pipe 18. provided with outlet ports26?, delivering to the upper plate 24?- oil a flash pan 20. This pan isprovided with air tubes 31 and steam outlet nipples 38* similar toithosea ready described. The plate is also provided with one or more outletpipes 29. The burner casing comprises an inner wall 41 and an outer wall5 forming a coog and steam generating chamber 8, the steam pipes 35leading from its upper end into.

the chamber 30* of the flash pain A bat-Me plate 36 is interposedbetween the cooling water and the inlet ends of the pipes 35.

In this structure an electric 1gniter may The head 27 is" be employed,which is indicated at 39, an

electric wire 4L0 being connected to the sparking terminal 39, the otherterminal being grounded on the metal of the burner in a manner wellunderstood.

The operation of this embodiment of the invention is substantially thesame as that already described, except that as stated above, no meansare provided for supplying an initial light carbon oil for preliminarilyheating the burner. Such oil may be used continuously, or heavy oils maybe employed, and extraneous means, if necessary, utilized for securingthe initial heat.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation andmany advan tages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, without further description, and it will beunderstood that various changes in thesize, shape, proportion and minordetails of construction, may be resorted to without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what ll claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An oil burner comprising a chambered flash late, means for deliveringoil to be burne means for introducing steam into the chamber of saidflesh plate, and means for directing air across the chamber of the dashplate out of contact with the steam. therein and over said surface ofthe dash plate.

2. An oil burner comprising a chambered 'llash plat/e, means fordelivering oil to be burned over a surface of said flash plate, meansfor introducing steam into the chamber of said. dash plate, air tubesextending f over a surface of said flash plat/e,

lllll llll flash plate having a topwall, means for introducing steam tothe chamber, a plurality of steam outlet nipples on the top wallcommunicating with the chamber, air tubes extending across the chamberand openinghaving outlet ports opening through the flash surface.

5. In an oil burner, the combination with a chamber, having a wallprovided with a flash surface, of means for delivering a film of oil tothe burner over said surface, openended air tubes extending transverselythrough the chamber for permitting the passage of air through the casingand discharging it over the flash surface, a housing surrounding thesame and comprising a hollow liquid-containing wall heated by the flamefrom the burner, and a steam pipe from the upper end of the wall to thecham-.

her, said chamber having outlet ports opening through the flash surface.

6. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising a casinghaving a burner outlet opening, of a liquid fuel delivery tube extendingupwardly thereinto, a chambered flash plate surrounding the tube, andreceiving fuel therefrom upon its upper surface, and means fordelivering steam from the chamber through the plate and over said uppersurface, and air tubes across the chamber and delivering over said uppersurface.

7. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising achambered casing having a burner outlet opening, of a liquid fueldelivery tube extending upwardly thereinto, a chambered flash platesurrounding the tube and receiving fuel therefrom upon its uppersurface, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of thecasing, and means for directing steam generated in said chamber to thechamber of the flash plate, said flash plate having steam outlet portsthrough its upper face.

8. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising achambered casin having a burner outlet opening, of a liqui fuel deliverytube extending upwardl thereinto, a chambered flash plate surroun in thetube and receiving fuel therefrom upon its upper surface, means forsupplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of the casing, means fordirecting steam generated in said chamber to the chamber of the flashplate, said flash platehaving steam outlet ports through its upper.face, and air tubes extending across the chamber of the flash plate andopening over the upper surface of said flash plate.

9. An oilburner comprising a head and an extended flash plate of thinnermaterial than the head inclining downwardly from said head and having onunobstructed channel at its upper end directly adjacent to the head,said head having a fuel supply pas sageway that delivers over the upperedge of the channel into the same, and said channel delivering in turnto the upper surface of the flash plate.

10. In an oil burner, the combination with a burner casing having achamber and a burner outlet opening, of a'tube for fuel oil extendingupwardly within the casing, a second fuel tube associated with the firsttube, a hollow flash plate surrounding the tubes and having an upperflash surface, with air ports opening therethrough, said tubes havinoutlet ports above the flash surface and sald first mentioned tubehaving a series of retarding steps between its outletport and the flashsurface, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of theburner casing, and means for conveying steam from said chamber to thehollow flash plate and discharging it over the flash surface.

11. The combination in a liquid fuel burner, of an upstanding memberhaving an upwardly extending fuel receivin surface, means for deliveringfuel to be urned to its upper end, an outstanding flash plate extendingfrom the lower end of the upstanding member and having an upper fuelreceiving surface that declines from the upstandin surface to its outermargin, and means or delivering an initial heating fuel to theoutstanding flash plate substantially at the junction of the same withthe upstanding member.

12. The combination in a liquid fuel burner, of an upstanding memberhaving an upwardly extending fuel receiving surface, an outstandingflash plate extending from the lower end thereof, fuel delivery tubes,one within the other, one of said tubes opening at the upper end of theupstandin member, the other delivering to the outstan ing member at itsjuncture with the upstanding flash plate, and oil reservoirs supplyingfuel to the tubes.

In testimony whereof, I aifix my signature.

GEORGE T. SMALLWOOD.

